, Preface ix Acknowledgments xi Part I Our Logical Empiricist Heritage 1 Introduction to Part I 3 1 Empiricist Criteria of Cognitive Significance: Problems and Changes 10 CARL G. HEMPEL Part II The Logical Foundations of Belief Revision 23 Introduction to Part II 25 2 Studies in the Logic of Confirmation 34 CARL G. HEMPEL 3 Confirmation and Relevance 62 WESLEY C. SALMON 4 The New Riddle of Induction 81 NELSON GOODMAN 5 Explanations, Tests, Unity, and Necessity 88 CLARK GLYMOUR 6 Rationality and Objectivity in Science (or: Tom Kuhn Meets Tom Bayes) 98 WESLEY C. SALMON Part III The Criteria of Theory Choice 119 Introduction to Part III 121 7 Let´s Razor Ockham´s Razor 126 ELLIOTT SOBER 8 Foundational Physics and Empiricist Critique 139 LAWRENCE SKLAR 9 Darwin´s Achievement 154 PHILIP KITCHER 10 Objectivity, Value Judgment, and Theory Choice 189 THOMAS S. KUHN Part IV Realism and the Character of Scientific Theories 201 Introduction to Part IV 203 11 The Theoretician´s Dilemma 210 CARL G. HEMPEL 12 (a) Phenomenalism 216 (b) The Language of Theories 220 WILFRID F. SELLARS 13 (a) Arguments Concerning Scientific Realism 226 (b) To Save the Phenomena 241 BAS C. VAN FRAASSEN 14 Empirical Equivalence and Underdetcrmination 248 LARRY LAUDAN AND JARRETT LEPLIN 15 Structural Realism: The Best of Both Worlds? 262 JOHN WORRALL 16 Extragalactic Reality: The Case of Gravitational Lensing 278 IAN HACKING Part V Scientific Explanations and Laws of Nature 295 Introduction to Part V 297 17 Laws and their Role in Scientific Explanation 305 CARL G. HEMPEL 18 (a) The Laws of Nature 319 (b) Humean Supervenience 322 DAVID LEWIS 19 Laws of Nature 325 FRED I. DRETSKE 20 The Evolutionary Contingency Thesis 338 JOHN BEATTY 21 Who´s Afraid of Ceteris-Paribus Laws? (or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Them) 358 MARC LANGE Part VI Natural Kinds and the Special Kinds of Special Sciences 369 Introduction to Part VI 371 22 A Tradition of Natural Kinds 378 IAN HACKING 23 Evolution, Population Thinking, and Essentialism 388 ELLIOTT SOBER 24 Homeostasis, Species, and Higher Taxa 406 RICHARD BOYD 25 Some Puzzles about Species 427 PHILIP KITCHER 26 Special Sciences (or: The Disunity of Science as a Working Hypothesis) 445 JERRY A. FODOR Part VII Singular Causation 455 Introduction to Part VII 457 27 Causation and Recipes 461 DOUGLAS GASKING 28 Causation as Influence 466 DAVID LEWIS 29 Causation and the Flow of Energy 488 DAVID FAIR Part VIII Probabilistic Causation, Causal Laws, and Chances 505 Introduction to Part VIII 507 30 Probabilistic Causality 514 WESLEY C. SALMON 31 Causal Laws and Effective Strategies 533 NANCY CARTWRIGHT 32 The Propensity Interpretation of Fitness 545 SUSAN K. MILLS AND JOHN BEATTY 33 A Subjectivist´s Guide to Objective Chance 560 DAVID LEWIS Part IX Metaphysical Implications of Modern Physics 585 Introduction to Part IX 587 34 On Einstein Minkowski Space-Time 594 HOWARD STEIN 35 What Price Spacetime Substantivalism? The Hole Story 605 JOHN EARMAN AND JOHN NORTON 36 The Genidentity of Quantum Particles 612 HANS REICHENBACH 37 Is the Moon There When Nobody Looks? Reality and the Quantum Theory 619 N. DAVID MERMIN 38 Part and Whole in Quantum Mechanics 634 TIM MAUDLIN Index 643 , Philosophy of Science: An Anthology assembles some of the finest papers in the philosophy of science since 1945, showcasing enduring classics alongside important and innovative recent work.
