This book centers on the question of how organisms in tight symbiotic
associations cope with various types of abiotic and biotic stress. In its
original sense, symbioses cover all kinds of interactions among unrelated
organisms, whereas in a narrower concept, the term is often referred to as
mutualism. Evolutionary biology recognizes symbiosis as an integrative process,
and most fundamental evolutionary innovations arose from cooperative symbioses.
Mutualisms contribute to stress tolerance, ecosystem stability, and
evolutionary radiation of cooperating organisms. Modern eukaryotic cells are
the result of the endosymbiotic union of prokaryotic ancestors as well as
diverse exosymbiotic associations. This cooperative aggregation appears more
successful than its independent parts. TOC:Foreword / John. J. Lee Preface /
Joseph Seckbach and Martin Grube Acknowledgements List of authors and their
addresses PART 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION On the Origin of Symbiosis [Jan Sapp]
Symbioses and Stress [Martin Grube, James F. White, and Joseph Seckbach] PART
2: SYMBIOTIC ORIGIN OF EUKARYOTES Problems and Progress in Understanding the
Origins of Mitochondria and Plastids [Bruce A. Curtis and John M. Archibald]
The Origin of Eukarya as a Stress Response of Two-Membrane-Bounded Sexual Pre-
Karyote to an Aggressive a-Proteobacterial Periplasmic Infection [Matej Vesteg
and Juraj Kraj¿ovi¿] Low CO2 Stress: Glaucocystophytes May Have Found a Unique
Solution [Wolfgang Löffelhardt] PART 3: AQUATIC SYMBIOSES Animal-Bacterial
Endosymbioses of Gutless Tube-Dwelling Worms in Marine Sediments [Takeshi
Naganuma] Multibiont Symbioses in the Coral Reef Ecosystem [Orit Barneah and
Itzchak Brickner] Cnidarian/Dinoflagellate Symbiosis-Mediated Adaptation to
Environmental Pertubations [Sophie Richier, Cécile Sabourault, Christine
Ferrier-Pagès, Pierre-Laurent Merle, Paola Furla and Denis Allemand] Oxidative
Stress-Mediated Development of Symbiosis in Green Paramecia [Tomonoro Kawano,
K. Irie and Takashi Kadono] Coral Symbiosis under Stress [Noga Stambler] Azolla
as a Superorganism: Its Implication in Symbiotic Studies [Francisco Carrapiço]
PART 4: TERRESTRIAL SYMBIOSES Parasitism is a Strong Force Shaping the Fungus-
Growing Ant-Microbe Symbiosis [Ainslie E.F. Little] Evolution and Consequences
of Nutrition-Based Symbioses in Insects: More than Food Stress [Edouard
Jurkevitch] Three in a Boat: Host-Plant, Insect Herbivore and Fungal
Entomopathogen [Shalom W. Applebaum, Dana Ichelczik and Richard A. Humber]
Symbiotic Foraminifera and Stress [Alexander V. Altenbach, Christine Böhmer,
Frank Gitter, Benjamin Läuchli and Hanne-Lore Wieczorek] Arbuscular Mycorrhizal
Symbiosis under Stress Conditions: Benefits and Costs [Hinanit Koltai and Yoram
Kapulnik] Modulation of Aquaporin Genes by the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis
in Relation to Osmotic Stress Tolerance: Aquaporin in Plants under Osmotic
Stress [Juan M. Ruiz-Lozano and Ricardo Aroca] How Rhizobia Survive in the
Absence of a Legume Host, a Stressful World Indeed [Ann Hirsch] Life on a Leaf:
Bacterial Epiphytes of a Salt-Excreting Desert Tree [Shimshon Belkin and Noga
Qvit-Raz] Physiological Responses to Stress in the Vibrionaceae [William Soto,
C. Phoebe Lostroh and Michele K. Nishiguchi] The Stressed Life of Microbes in
Plants [Maria Grilli Caiola and Antonella Canini] Symbiotic Plant-Microbe
Interactions: Stress Protection, Plant Growth Promotion and Biocontrol by
Stenotrophomonas [Gabriele Berg, Dilfuza Egamberdieva, Ben Lugtenberg and
Martin Hagemann] Adaptation and Survival of Plants in High Stress Habitats via
Fungal Endophyte Conferred Stress Tolerance [Rusty J. Rodriguez, Claire
Woodward, and Regina S. Redman] Grass Endophyte-Mediated Plant Stress
Tolerance: Alkaloids and their Functions [Monica S. Torres and James F. White]
Endocytosis in Plant - Fungal Interactions [Maya Bar and Adi Avni] Die Hard:
Lichens [Martin Grube] Stress and Developmental Strategies in Lichens [Elfriede
Stocker-Wörgötter] Green Algae and Fungi in Lichens Symbionts - but Friends or
Foes? [Russel L. Chapman and Melanie R. Chapman] Green Biofilms on Tree Barks:
More than Just Algae [Katharina Freystein and Werner Reisser] PART 5: SYMBIOSES
AND ASTROBIOLOGY Space Flight Effects on Lichen Ultrastructure and Physiology:
Following the Lichens 2005 Experiment On-Board the Biopan V Space Exposure
Facility [Asunción de los Ríos, Carmen Ascaso, Jacek Wierzchos and Leopoldo G.
Sancho] Resistance of Symbiotic Eukaryotes Survival to Simulated Space
Conditions and Asteroid Impact Cataclysms [Jean-Pierre P. de Vera and Sieglinde
Ott] PART 6: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Symbioses and Stress: Final comments
[Martin Grube and Joseph Seckbach] Organisms Index Subject Index Authors Index
